Know Your Blood Parameters: Progesterone
- Summarised by TGHC Editorial Team
- Aug 9, 2025
- 3 min read
Updated: Dec 23, 2025
Parameter Name
ProgesteroneProgesterone is a steroid hormone that plays a vital role in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and overall reproductive health. It is primarily produced in the ovaries after ovulation, but also in the adrenal glands and, during pregnancy, in the placenta.
Test Type
BloodThe progesterone test is a blood test that measures the level of progesterone in the bloodstream. It is typically performed by drawing a sample of blood from a vein in the arm. This test can be done at various points in a woman's menstrual cycle, depending on the specific reason for testing.
Normal Range
Women (Luteal phase): 5 – 20 ng/mLDuring the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, which occurs after ovulation and before the start of menstruation, progesterone levels typically rise to prepare the uterine lining for a potential pregnancy. Normal progesterone levels in women during this phase range from approximately 5 to 20 ng/mL. Men: < 1 ng/mLIn men, progesterone levels are generally much lower, typically less than 1 ng/mL, as this hormone is not primarily involved in male reproductive function.
High Levels Indicate
Pregnancy, luteal cysts, hormone therapy.Elevated levels of progesterone can indicate several conditions. One of the most common reasons for high progesterone levels is pregnancy, as the hormone is crucial for maintaining the uterine lining. Additionally, high levels may suggest the presence of luteal cysts, which can form in the ovaries after ovulation, or result from hormone therapy, particularly in women undergoing treatments for menopause or infertility.
Low Levels Indicate
Anovulation, luteal phase defect, risk of miscarriage.Low progesterone levels can signify several reproductive issues. Anovulation, where the ovaries do not release an egg, can lead to insufficient progesterone production. A luteal phase defect, where the luteal phase is shorter than normal or progesterone levels are inadequate, can also occur, potentially leading to difficulties in maintaining a pregnancy and increasing the risk of miscarriage.
Why It's Tested
To assess ovulation, fertility status, and monitor pregnancy.The progesterone test is a valuable tool in reproductive health. It is often used to assess whether ovulation has occurred, which is crucial for determining fertility status. Additionally, healthcare providers may monitor progesterone levels during early pregnancy to ensure that they are sufficient for maintaining a healthy pregnancy, as well as to investigate any irregularities in menstrual cycles.
Associated Symptoms (if abnormal)
Low: Irregular periods, infertility, early pregnancy loss.Women with low progesterone levels may experience a range of symptoms, including irregular menstrual cycles, difficulty conceiving, and increased risk of early pregnancy loss. These symptoms can be distressing and may require further investigation and management. High: Generally asymptomatic unless related to therapy.In many cases, elevated progesterone levels do not produce noticeable symptoms, particularly if they are a result of hormone therapy. However, in some instances, they may be associated with other underlying conditions that could require attention.
What To Do If Abnormal
Correlate with menstrual history and other hormone levels; gynecological consultation.If abnormal progesterone levels are detected, it is essential to correlate these findings with a patient’s menstrual history and other hormone levels to gain a comprehensive understanding of their reproductive health. Consulting with a gynecologist or reproductive endocrinologist can provide further insights and guide appropriate interventions or treatments based on individual circumstances.
Common Conditions Related
Luteal phase defect, infertility, early pregnancy complications.Several common reproductive health conditions are associated with abnormal progesterone levels. A luteal phase defect can affect a woman’s ability to conceive and maintain a pregnancy. Infertility may also be linked to low progesterone levels, as this hormone is crucial for preparing the uterine lining for implantation. Furthermore, early pregnancy complications, such as miscarriage, can occur if progesterone levels are insufficient to support the pregnancy.
Nutrition or Lifestyle Connection
Maintain healthy weight, reduce stress to support hormonal balance.Nutrition and lifestyle choices can significantly impact hormonal balance, including progesterone levels. Maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular physical activity is essential for optimal hormone production. Additionally, managing stress through mindfulness practices, exercise, and adequate sleep can help support hormonal health, as chronic stress can disrupt the delicate balance of reproductive hormones.
References (APA Format)
Melmed, S. et al. (2016). Williams Textbook of Endocrinology (13th ed.). Elsevier.
MedlinePlus. (2023). Progesterone Test.https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/progesterone-test/
