Know Your Blood Parameter : Total Cholesterol
- Summarised by TGHC Editorial Team
- May 24, 2025
- 3 min read
Updated: Dec 5, 2025
Parameter Name
Total Cholesterol
Total cholesterol is a measure of the overall amount of cholesterol in your blood, which includes both low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, as well as triglycerides. Understanding total cholesterol is crucial for assessing heart health and managing potential risks associated with cardiovascular diseases.
Test Type
Blood
The total cholesterol test is performed on a blood sample, typically drawn from a vein in your arm. This test can be conducted as part of a routine health check or when there are specific concerns regarding heart health. It is important to follow any preparatory instructions, such as fasting, to ensure accurate results.
Normal Range
Desirable: < 200 mg/dL
This level is considered optimal and is associated with a lower risk of heart disease.
Borderline High: 200–239 mg/dL
This range indicates a potential risk for cardiovascular issues, suggesting the need for lifestyle changes or monitoring.
High: ≥ 240 mg/dL
Levels in this category are concerning and may require medical intervention to reduce the risk of heart disease.
High Levels Indicate
Increased risk of cardiovascular disease. High cholesterol levels are often linked to various lifestyle factors, including poor dietary choices, obesity, and physical inactivity. Additionally, genetic predispositions such as familial hypercholesterolemia can significantly elevate cholesterol levels, making it essential for individuals with a family history of high cholesterol to undergo regular testing.
Low Levels Indicate
Low cholesterol levels are rare but can suggest underlying health issues such as malnutrition, where the body does not receive adequate nutrients; hyperthyroidism, where the thyroid gland is overactive; liver disease, which can affect cholesterol production; or chronic infections that may disrupt normal metabolic processes. It's crucial to investigate further when low levels are detected.
Why It's Tested
The total cholesterol test is primarily conducted to assess cardiovascular risk and to monitor the effectiveness of lifestyle changes or medications aimed at lowering lipid levels. Regular testing helps in early detection and management of potential health issues, allowing for timely interventions.
Associated Symptoms (if abnormal)
Typically, individuals with abnormal cholesterol levels do not experience noticeable symptoms. However, in cases of extremely high cholesterol, individuals may develop xanthomas, which are fatty deposits that can appear on the skin or tendons. Additionally, high cholesterol can lead to serious cardiovascular events such as heart attacks or strokes, making regular monitoring essential for those at risk.
What To Do If Abnormal
If your cholesterol levels are found to be abnormal, it is advisable to repeat the test, preferably after fasting, to confirm the results. A thorough review of your lifestyle choices, including diet and exercise, as well as family medical history, is crucial. Consulting with a healthcare professional is recommended to discuss potential treatment options, which may include a full lipid panel and liver function tests to gain a comprehensive understanding of your health status.
Common Conditions Related
Conditions such as hyperlipidemia, characterized by elevated lipid levels in the blood, atherosclerosis, where arteries become narrowed and hardened, metabolic syndrome, which includes a cluster of conditions that increase heart disease risk, and familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic disorder that results in high cholesterol levels, are commonly associated with abnormal cholesterol levels. Understanding these conditions can help in managing and mitigating risks effectively.
Nutrition or Lifestyle Connection
To maintain healthy cholesterol levels, it’s important to limit the intake of saturated and trans fats, which can raise LDL cholesterol. Increasing dietary fiber and omega-3 fatty acids can help improve cholesterol levels. Regular physical activity is also crucial, as it can help raise HDL cholesterol, the "good" cholesterol. Moreover, reducing sugar intake can contribute to overall heart health. Adopting a balanced diet and an active lifestyle plays a significant role in managing cholesterol levels and enhancing overall well-being.
References (APA Format)
American Heart Association. (2023).
Cholesterol Levels. Mayo Clinic. (2022). Cholesterol test.
https://www.mayoclinic.org MedlinePlus. (2023). Cholesterol Levels.
