Know Your Blood Parameter : Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

1. Parameter Name

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in various biochemical processes within the human body. It is essential for energy production, cellular function, growth, and development. Riboflavin is a precursor to coenzymes that are vital for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, making it integral to maintaining overall health and well-being.

2. Test Type

Blood or urine (measured via erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity)

The assessment of riboflavin levels can be conducted through blood or urine tests. The most common method for evaluating riboflavin status is by measuring the activity of the enzyme erythrocyte glutathione reductase, which is influenced by riboflavin availability. This enzyme plays a significant role in maintaining the antioxidant capacity of cells, and its activity can give insights into the sufficiency of riboflavin in the body.

3. Normal Range

1–2.5 µg/dL (may vary by lab)

The normal range for riboflavin levels can vary depending on the laboratory conducting the test. Typically, a measurement between 1 to 2.5 micrograms per deciliter is considered normal. It is important for healthcare providers to interpret these results in the context of individual health status and dietary intake, as variations may occur based on factors such as age, sex, and nutritional habits.

4. High Levels Indicate

Uncommon and generally non-toxic; may occur with supplements.Elevated levels of riboflavin are uncommon and are generally not associated with toxicity, as excess amounts of this vitamin are typically excreted through urine. High levels may occur in individuals taking riboflavin supplements or multivitamins containing this nutrient. While it is rare for high riboflavin levels to pose any health risks, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional if significant elevations are noted.

5. Low Levels Indicate

Deficiency may impair energy metabolism, skin, and eye health.Low levels of riboflavin can indicate a deficiency, which may have several adverse effects on health. A deficiency in riboflavin can lead to impaired energy metabolism, as the body struggles to convert nutrients into usable energy. Additionally, riboflavin deficiency is associated with various health issues, particularly affecting skin integrity and eye health, leading to conditions such as dermatitis and cataracts.

6. Why It's Tested

To identify nutritional deficiencies or investigate symptoms of fatigue, mouth sores, or skin issues.Testing riboflavin levels is essential for identifying nutritional deficiencies, particularly in individuals presenting with symptoms such as unexplained fatigue, recurrent mouth sores, or skin problems. These symptoms may indicate an underlying deficiency that needs to be addressed to restore optimal health and prevent further complications.

7. Associated Symptoms (if abnormal)

Cracks at mouth corners, sore throat, swollen tongue, skin rash.If riboflavin levels are found to be abnormal, several symptoms may manifest. Common signs of riboflavin deficiency include cracks or sores at the corners of the mouth (angular stomatitis), a sore throat, a swollen and inflamed tongue (glossitis), and various skin rashes. These symptoms can significantly impact quality of life and may require dietary adjustments or supplementation to alleviate.

8. What To Do If Abnormal

Increase dietary intake or consider B-complex supplementation.In the case of abnormal riboflavin levels, it is recommended to increase dietary intake of riboflavin-rich foods. Foods such as dairy products, eggs, green leafy vegetables, nuts, and whole grains are excellent sources of this vitamin. Additionally, individuals may consider B-complex supplementation, which contains riboflavin along with other B vitamins, to ensure adequate intake and address any deficiencies effectively.

9. Common Conditions Related

Ariboflavinosis, chronic malnutrition, alcoholism.Several health conditions are associated with riboflavin deficiency, including ariboflavinosis, which is characterized by symptoms such as sore throat, cracks at the corners of the mouth, and a swollen tongue. Chronic malnutrition can also lead to riboflavin deficiency, particularly in individuals with limited access to a balanced diet. Additionally, alcoholism can impair the absorption of riboflavin, further contributing to deficiency and associated health issues.

10. Nutrition or Lifestyle Connection

Present in milk, eggs, green vegetables, nuts, and whole grains. Destroyed by light.Riboflavin is naturally found in a variety of foods, making it accessible through a balanced diet. Key sources include dairy products like milk and yogurt, eggs, green leafy vegetables such as spinach and broccoli, nuts, and whole grains. However, it is important to note that riboflavin is sensitive to light and can be destroyed by exposure to sunlight or artificial light, which can affect the nutritional quality of food. Therefore, proper storage and handling of riboflavin-rich foods are essential to preserve their vitamin content.

11. References (APA Format)

NIH Office of Dietary Supplements. (2022). Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin). MedlinePlus. (2023).